<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.0bc -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.co -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Source; Value: MBOT 20190630 10Q Q2 DFN.xfr; Date: 2019%2D08%2D13T17:16:16Z -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x80100001 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: 96Mps7xRiXgen8uDanwsWaSJqbP9z5Z82ekhvWB7bfnq3y4k38xAQywqYIj2sYoF -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2019-01-31" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2019-01-31" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2019-01-31" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2019-01-31" xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" xmlns:num="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2019-01-31" xmlns:MBOT="http://microbotmedical.com/20190630" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://microbotmedical.com/20190630">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/DocumentAndEntityInformation" id="DocumentAndEntityInformation">
	  <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedBalanceSheets" id="InterimConsolidatedBalanceSheets">
	  <link:definition>00000002 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Balance Sheets</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" id="InterimConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical">
	  <link:definition>00000003 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations">
	  <link:definition>00000004 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfOperationsParenthetical" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfOperationsParenthetical">
	  <link:definition>00000005 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss">
	  <link:definition>00000006 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfShareholdersEquity" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfShareholdersEquity">
	  <link:definition>00000007 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's Equity</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfShareholdersEquityParenthetical" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfShareholdersEquityParenthetical">
	  <link:definition>00000008 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's Equity (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" id="InterimConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows">
	  <link:definition>00000009 - Statement - Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/General" id="General">
	  <link:definition>00000010 - Disclosure - General</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies">
	  <link:definition>00000011 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Short-termInvestments" id="Short-termInvestments">
	  <link:definition>00000012 - Disclosure - Short-Term Investments</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Leases" id="Leases">
	  <link:definition>00000013 - Disclosure - Leases</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" id="CommitmentsAndContingencies">
	  <link:definition>00000014 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapital" id="ShareCapital">
	  <link:definition>00000015 - Disclosure - Share Capital</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
	  <link:definition>00000016 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables">
	  <link:definition>00000017 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Short-termInvestmentsTables" id="Short-termInvestmentsTables">
	  <link:definition>00000018 - Disclosure - Short-Term Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/LeasesTables" id="LeasesTables">
	  <link:definition>00000019 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapitalTables" id="ShareCapitalTables">
	  <link:definition>00000020 - Disclosure - Share Capital (Tables)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/GeneralDetailsNarrative" id="GeneralDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000021 - Disclosure - General (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies-ScheduleOfCumulativeEffectOfAdoptionOfAsu2017-11Details" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies-ScheduleOfCumulativeEffectOfAdoptionOfAsu2017-11Details">
	  <link:definition>00000022 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Cumulative Effect of Adoption of ASU 2017-11 (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Short-termInvestments-ScheduleOfMarketableDebtSecuritiesDetails" id="Short-termInvestments-ScheduleOfMarketableDebtSecuritiesDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000023 - Disclosure - Short-Term Investments - Schedule of Marketable Debt Securities (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" id="LeasesDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000024 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Leases-ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesDetails" id="Leases-ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000025 - Disclosure - Leases - Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Operating Leases (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/Leases-ScheduleOfFutureLeasePaymentsUnderOperatingLeasesDetails" id="Leases-ScheduleOfFutureLeasePaymentsUnderOperatingLeasesDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000026 - Disclosure - Leases - Schedule of Future Lease Payments Under Operating Leases (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000027 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapitalDetailsNarrative" id="ShareCapitalDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000028 - Disclosure - Share Capital (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapital-SummaryOfStockOptionActivityDetails" id="ShareCapital-SummaryOfStockOptionActivityDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000029 - Disclosure - Share Capital - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapital-ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingDetails" id="ShareCapital-ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000030 - Disclosure - Share Capital - Schedule of Stock Options Outstanding (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapital-ScheduleOfStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsDetails" id="ShareCapital-ScheduleOfStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000031 - Disclosure - Share Capital - Schedule of Stock Options Valuation Assumptions (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://microbotmedical.com/role/ShareCapital-ScheduleOfWarrantsOutstandingDetails" id="ShareCapital-ScheduleOfWarrantsOutstandingDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000032 - Disclosure - Share Capital - Schedule of Warrants Outstanding (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mbot-20190630_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mbot-20190630_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mbot-20190630_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Calculation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mbot-20190630_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Definition Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-types-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017/country-2017-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2019/currency-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-types-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <element id="MBOT_RightsToAcquireSharesOfCommonStock" name="RightsToAcquireSharesOfCommonStock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_StockOptionMergerRetroactivelyAdjustedExercisePricePerShare" name="StockOptionMergerRetroactivelyAdjustedExercisePricePerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="num:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FairMarketValuePercentage" name="FairMarketValuePercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ConversionOfConvertibleNotesIntoPreferredShares" name="ConversionOfConvertibleNotesIntoPreferredShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_NetSalesRoyaltyPercentage" name="NetSalesRoyaltyPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_BuyBackAmountPerPatent" name="BuyBackAmountPerPatent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="num:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ContractExpectedCosts" name="ContractExpectedCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_UnauditedInterimFinancialStatementsPolicyTextBlock" name="UnauditedInterimFinancialStatementsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicyTextBlock" name="SignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_WarrantsPolicyTextBlock" name="WarrantsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_RecognitionOfRightofuseAssetAndLeaseLiabilityUponAdoption" name="RecognitionOfRightofuseAssetAndLeaseLiabilityUponAdoption" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_MarketableSecuritiesAmortizedCost" name="MarketableSecuritiesAmortizedCost" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_MarketableSecuritiesFairValue" name="MarketableSecuritiesFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ScheduleOfCumulativeEffectOfAdoptionTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfCumulativeEffectOfAdoptionTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_VacationExpenses" name="VacationExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_UnrestrictedCashAndCashEquivalent" name="UnrestrictedCashAndCashEquivalent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_PlacementAgentFeeAndExpenses" name="PlacementAgentFeeAndExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_NumberOfStockOptionGrantedAsAdjustedToReflectMerger" name="NumberOfStockOptionGrantedAsAdjustedToReflectMerger" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ClassOfWarrantOrRighstMonthYearFromWhichWarrantsOrRightsExercisable" name="ClassOfWarrantOrRighstMonthYearFromWhichWarrantsOrRightsExercisable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_AcquisitionPriceOfAssets" name="AcquisitionPriceOfAssets" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TemporaryEquityMember" name="TemporaryEquityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesATwoThousandAndElevenMember" name="SeriesATwoThousandAndElevenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesATwoThousandAndThirteenMember" name="SeriesATwoThousandAndThirteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesATwoThousandAndThirteenOneMember" name="SeriesATwoThousandAndThirteenOneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesATwoThousandAndFifteenMember" name="SeriesATwoThousandAndFifteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesATwoThousandAndSixteenMember" name="SeriesATwoThousandAndSixteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesBTwoThousandAndSixteenMember" name="SeriesBTwoThousandAndSixteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_IsraeliInnovationAuthorityMember" name="IsraeliInnovationAuthorityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandThirteenToSeptemberThirtyTwoThousandEighteenMember" name="TwoThousandThirteenToSeptemberThirtyTwoThousandEighteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TechnionResearchAndDevelopmentFoundationLimitedMember" name="TechnionResearchAndDevelopmentFoundationLimitedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_BoardofDirectorsMember" name="BoardofDirectorsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_MicrobotIsraelMember" name="MicrobotIsraelMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_HazelGadotMember" name="HazelGadotMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_NISMember" name="NISMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceOneMember" name="ExercisePriceOneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceTwoMember" name="ExercisePriceTwoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_OfficerLeaseAgreementMember" name="OfficerLeaseAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_AlphaCapitalMember" name="AlphaCapitalMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_PurchaserMember" name="PurchaserMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_PreferredASharesMember" name="PreferredASharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementMember" name="SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" name="SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_AdvisorsMember" name="AdvisorsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_HeziHimelfarbMember" name="HeziHimelfarbMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceThreeMember" name="ExercisePriceThreeMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_CarLeaseAgreementsMember" name="CarLeaseAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_EmployeesMember" name="EmployeesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_EmployeesAndConsultantMember" name="EmployeesAndConsultantMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ConsultantMember" name="ConsultantMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceFourMember" name="ExercisePriceFourMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceFiveMember" name="ExercisePriceFiveMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_CardioSertLtdMember" name="CardioSertLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_VicePresidentOfRDMember" name="VicePresidentOfRDMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandSeventeenEquityIncentivePlanMember" name="TwoThousandSeventeenEquityIncentivePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_DirectorsMember" name="DirectorsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_BeforeReverseSplitMember" name="BeforeReverseSplitMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_MrSimonSharonMember" name="MrSimonSharonMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceSixMember" name="ExercisePriceSixMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FormerExecutiveMember" name="FormerExecutiveMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FirstQuarterOfTwoThousandAndNineteenMember" name="FirstQuarterOfTwoThousandAndNineteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ResearchEquipmentAndSoftwareMember" name="ResearchEquipmentAndSoftwareMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FurnitureAndOfficeEquipmentMember" name="FurnitureAndOfficeEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandThirteenToDecemberThirtyTwoThousandEighteenMember" name="TwoThousandThirteenToDecemberThirtyTwoThousandEighteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ContractResearchAgreementsMember" name="ContractResearchAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SecondPhaseMember" name="SecondPhaseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_InterestedandRelatedPartiesMember" name="InterestedandRelatedPartiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandSixteenMember" name="TwoThousandSixteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandSeventeenMember" name="TwoThousandSeventeenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandEighteenMember" name="TwoThousandEighteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_USTaxAuthorityMember" name="USTaxAuthorityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TaxActMember" name="TaxActMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FromJanuaryOneTwoThousandEighteenMember" name="FromJanuaryOneTwoThousandEighteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_FinanceExpensesMember" name="FinanceExpensesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ASUTwoThousandSeveneteenElevenMember" name="ASUTwoThousandSeveneteenElevenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandThirteenToJuneThirtyTwoThousandNineteenMember" name="TwoThousandThirteenToJuneThirtyTwoThousandNineteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoThousandThirteenToMarchThirtyTwoThousandNineteenMember" name="TwoThousandThirteenToMarchThirtyTwoThousandNineteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_PreFundedWarrantMember" name="PreFundedWarrantMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_ExercisePriceSevenMember" name="ExercisePriceSevenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesAWarrantTwoThousandThirteenMember" name="SeriesAWarrantTwoThousandThirteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesAWarrantTwoThousandFifteenMember" name="SeriesAWarrantTwoThousandFifteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_SeriesBWarrantTwoThousandSixteenMember" name="SeriesBWarrantTwoThousandSixteenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_BoardofDirectorMember" name="BoardofDirectorMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_BondingAgentMember" name="BondingAgentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_DerivativeWarrantLiabilityMember" name="DerivativeWarrantLiabilityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_AccumulatedDeficitMember" name="AccumulatedDeficitMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_TwoPointOnePhaseMember" name="TwoPointOnePhaseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_AllianceInvestmentManagementLtdMember" name="AllianceInvestmentManagementLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_NonExecutiveOfficerMember" name="NonExecutiveOfficerMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="MBOT_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" name="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
